Read Japanese; your reading clears your reviews.

• 外科室泉鏡花Lots of kanji7,256 characters · 1,091 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji29% of the script on the page · 24% of this band
  • How long the sentences run25 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.9 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 24% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list11% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon14% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 21% of this band

  Its 649 different kanji, by when they are taught

  64%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  25%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  11%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 649 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 92% of those 649 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 6,525 characters of Japanese script and 3,807 words as they appear on the page, of which 2,159 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 茶粥の記矢田津世子Lots of kanji14,528 characters · 1,987 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji31% of the script on the page · 24% of this band
  • How long the sentences run30 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.7 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 24% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list15% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon13% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 21% of this band

  Its 1,040 different kanji, by when they are taught

  59%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  26%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  15%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 1,040 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 92% of those 1,040 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 13,502 characters of Japanese script and 8,567 words as they appear on the page, of which 4,750 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 読書と著書矢内原忠雄Lots of kanji3,820 characters · 637 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji42% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run36 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.7 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list6% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon12% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 480 different kanji, by when they are taught

  75%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  19%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  6%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 480 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 98% of those 480 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 3,517 characters of Japanese script and 2,212 words as they appear on the page, of which 1,363 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 阿部一族森鴎外Lots of kanji27,433 characters · 2,475 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji37% of the script on the page · 24% of this band
  • How long the sentences run32 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.5 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 24% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list14% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon13% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 20% of this band

  Its 1,230 different kanji, by when they are taught

  56%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  29%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  14%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 1,230 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 93% of those 1,230 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 25,553 characters of Japanese script and 15,987 words as they appear on the page, of which 8,172 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 堕落論坂口安吾Lots of kanji7,579 characters · 1,087 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji38% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run47 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.8 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list7% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon12% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 714 different kanji, by when they are taught

  70%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  24%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  7%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 714 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 96% of those 714 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 7,195 characters of Japanese script and 4,713 words as they appear on the page, of which 2,786 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 社会事情と科学的精神石原純Lots of kanji9,610 characters · 1,001 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji32% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run73 characters per sentence · 19% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.8 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list4% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon10% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 639 different kanji, by when they are taught

  72%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  24%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  4%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 639 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 98% of those 639 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 9,238 characters of Japanese script and 5,664 words as they appear on the page, of which 3,575 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 二面の箏鈴木鼓村Lots of kanji5,284 characters · 797 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji36% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run139 characters per sentence · 19% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.7 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list7% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon9% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 587 different kanji, by when they are taught

  69%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  24%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  7%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 587 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 97% of those 587 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 4,987 characters of Japanese script and 3,209 words as they appear on the page, of which 1,844 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 学校騒動尾崎士郎Lots of kanji35,834 characters · 3,218 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji34% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run50 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.4 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list11% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon13% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 1,342 different kanji, by when they are taught

  60%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  29%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  11%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 1,342 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 95% of those 1,342 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 33,194 characters of Japanese script and 21,052 words as they appear on the page, of which 12,418 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 洪川禅師のことども鈴木大拙Lots of kanji4,866 characters · 837 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji43% of the script on the page · 24% of this band
  • How long the sentences run32 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.9 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 24% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list12% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon13% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 21% of this band

  Its 667 different kanji, by when they are taught

  64%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  25%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  12%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 667 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 94% of those 667 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 4,484 characters of Japanese script and 2,900 words as they appear on the page, of which 1,667 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 平塚・山川・山田三女史に答う与謝野晶子Lots of kanji12,339 characters · 1,425 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji43% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run65 characters per sentence · 19% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.6 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list8% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon9% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 885 different kanji, by when they are taught

  66%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  26%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  8%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 885 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 96% of those 885 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 11,551 characters of Japanese script and 7,564 words as they appear on the page, of which 4,659 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 竜芥川龍之介Lots of kanji9,374 characters · 1,116 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji31% of the script on the page · 24% of this band
  • How long the sentences run56 characters per sentence · 20% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.7 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 24% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list13% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon12% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 687 different kanji, by when they are taught

  59%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  28%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  13%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 687 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 93% of those 687 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 8,705 characters of Japanese script and 5,442 words as they appear on the page, of which 2,965 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

• 雪中谷宇吉郎Lots of kanji76,147 characters · 3,705 distinct words
  How this is counted

  A wide range of kanji and long sentences. Expect to look words up, and expect to read sentences twice.

  • How much of the page is kanji39% of the script on the page · 23% of this band
  • How long the sentences run48 characters per sentence · 19% of this band
  • How late those kanji are taught3.5 on a 1–8 scale of school year, where 7 is the rest of the common list and 8 is outside it · 23% of this band
  • Kanji outside the common list13% of the distinct kanji · 12% of this band
  • How often the words are uncommon12% of the words the corpus ranked sit past the common bands, counting the middle bands as half · 22% of this band

  Its 1,506 different kanji, by when they are taught

  56%

  Taught in primary school — the 教育漢字.

  30%

  Taught later at school — the rest of 常用漢字.

  13%

  Not on the common list — name characters, and characters outside 常用漢字 altogether.

  Counted over the 1,506 different characters the book uses, each once — not over how often you meet them, so a character used once weighs the same as one used on every page. The five bars higher up count kanji two different ways: “How late those kanji are taught” counts every appearance, so the characters on every page weigh most, while “Kanji outside the common list” is the last figure in this chart, counted the same each-character-once way. The published list placed 93% of those 1,506 characters. The rest are counted as outside 常用漢字, which is what absence means in a complete list — so the smaller that figure, the more of this chart is the list's gaps rather than the book's.

  Counted over 71,974 characters of Japanese script and 46,881 words as they appear on the page, of which 29,347 appear in the frequency list behind this. The rest are not counted rather than rare: the list only reaches so far.

  Tatoeba Japanese sentence export (tatoeba-jpn): 32980 lexemes over 2497247 counted words. Short, learner-contributed conversational sentences, largely translated from English. Not prose.

  Which kanji it uses was judged against a published list of 2,999 characters and the school year each one is taught in. “The common list” above is 常用漢字, the characters Japanese schooling covers; a character the list places outside those school years — a name character, or one it does not carry at all — counts as outside it. “How late those kanji are taught” counts every time a character appears, so the characters on every page weigh most; “Kanji outside the common list” counts each different character once, however often the book uses it.

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